Re:
For a once a subject I actually know something about - fast flat bar bikes on the road! (Qualifications: ex-San Fransisco bike messenger, physics degree and a fair number of bike performance papers/studies read.)
The people who said "mtb with slicks" have the winning answer. Why? Sports hybrids aren't built to go fast but to look as if they do to Joe Know Nothing Public while keeping flat bars - if necessary at the expense of features that will make them fast (and handle well.) The result is a marketing dept driven abomination of a machine.
Why? Well speed on the flat is about two things:
- Air resistance
- Rolling resistance
Hybrids are no better than MTBs for AR; the rider's position is set by stem length and height and bar width and that's it. (Which is a losing game to play against drops for physiological reasons - especially alignment of the carpals as go into a low and narrow position.) So all you can play with is rolling resistance....
People assume (see "Silence Of The Lambs"..) that narrow tyres roll faster. But, in fact, the opposite is fundamentally true. Emphasis on "fundamental" because most wide tyres are made to wear well an be puncture proof and cheap, while most racing tyres - which are made to go fast at the expense of all these properties - are 25mm are less. But the best possible 40mm tyre will have lower RR than the best possible 25mm - and corner better, be more comfortable, and safer over potholes.
And that's on good roads. On bad roads, the advantage gets even larger because vibration transmitted the rider's body weight causes big energy losses - much larger than the figures in the standard calculators (like the one at Analytic Cycling) assume because those figures came from riderless rolling drum tests.
So, old Konas and GTs that can take fast but wide tyres (like Grand Bois and Almotions) are faster than silly marketing driven bikes like the Sirrus that are restricted to maybe 32mm.
At this point someone normally asks why TDF bikes have narrow tyres. This is, in fact, because AR matters relative more at VERY fast bike speeds and the slight AR reduction counts more for the guy at the front of a peloton (sp?) than the fairly hefty increase in RR. But these are elite riders who are moving at speeds that even they can't sustain for long riding solo.
People also often claim that the ability of narrow tyres to take higher pressures reduces RR compared to narrow tyres. All I can say here is that testing shows otherwise - in fact it drives vibration losses up. Bicycle Quarterly has done a lot of testing here:
http://janheine.wordpress.com/2012/06/1 ... -of-tires/
- and see the links near the bottom.
Re. discs on the road: I'm doubtful they're any advantage. Tour magazine (it's German and OCD) did a test of stopping distances in the wet and with dual Koolstops there was barely any increase in stopping distance. Overall braking power is limited by 1. toppling, which is derived from centre of gravity and 0.7g for most performance bikes, and by 2. front brake skidding, where a large contact patch is an advantage - and vees or cantis can already push a bike to this braking limit.
As for weight, including wheel weight: it makes a minute difference on the flat and not much more (because it is swamped out by rider weight) on climbs. If you 3lbs off a 20lb bike that often feels really different, because the sensory information to your hands has changed, but with a 180lb on top of it then vehicle weight has gone from 200lb to 197lb, so you'll climb about 1.5% faster. Worth paying $1000 a lb for in the TDF, but probably not while commuting.