wonder what caused this innertube split

Yeah, looks like just manufacturing, though the valve area gets a lot of stress through breaking force, it usually splits right at the bottom of the valve stem.
 
That’s a border where 2 rubber components were bonded by heat, pressure, or chemical. The split likely caused by some degradation of the area followed by high stress.
 
Some tubes are notorious for failing along seams eg Vavert.

Some tyre/rim combinations will eat inner tubes at the valve stem area under heavy braking. I was going through tubes about one a month on one bike until I replaced the wheel and tyre. Seems like overkill, but my reliable commuter bike was no longer reliable and therefore near worthless as a commuter.
 
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