Almost certainly for derailleur clearance. Some cranks have very little room between the outer chainring and the inner face of the crank. That can cause upshifting problems if the outer plate of the derailleur cage contacts the crank before the chain has climbed onto the outer ring.
That particular crank looks like a user modification to me, but as you say it also appears as a factory feature on some cranks. In extreme cases, with a negligent owner, the derailleur cage can wear away quite a lot of metal from the crank.