My pals seem to have had nothing but trouble with external BBs on road bikes. I shudder to imagine the lifetime on MTBs with all that mud.
Cartridge BBs are OK and I have a couple of UN72 which have lasted over 20,000 miles. However, to get it all to fit in a cartridge the bearings are smaller than a cup and cone, which has 11x 1/4" balls. That's fine on a solo bike, but tandems have much higher bearing loadings and cartridge BBs only last a couple of thousand, whereas the cup and cone ones last longer in terms of bearing wear.