orange71":141i4x5g said:
what are the actual real-world benefits of this?
To be honest I'm not sure there really are any - at least, any that are important.
Shimano's Hyperglide sprockets have ramps and gates that are computer designed so that during a shift to a larger sprocket, the chain can engage two sprockets at once. With a normal, non-RR derailleur, you can force the shift at a point that doesn't correspond to the Hyperglide gates. That can have advantages, but means that the shifts won't be as smooth as they should be, and puts more strain on the system. With a RR mech, you click the shifter and let the gates and derailleur spring take care of the shift.
I've heard a rumour that the first XTR titanium cassette sprockets had a tendency to bend under forced shifts, and that RR was a solution to this. I've no idea how true that might be - I'm too tight to buy titanium cassettes.
Another effect is that left and right RF+ shifters now work the same way - push for harder, click for easier. Apparently some beginners find that more intuitive - can't say I ever had a problem.
For me the nice thing is that when you combine them with Campag Ergo levers, the downshift is on the thumb button, which is a more natural motion when braking or honking on the hoods. I don't suppose Shimano's designers had that in mind.