Advice on buying first vintage road bike?

It helps to be familiar with frame tubing (brand and type) to have an idea of what you are dealing. Without decals it can be quite difficult (impossible) to determine tubing type, and decals are unfortunately often replaced with the incorrect one. Still, most higher end/lightweight tube frames use certain seat post sizes that generally conform to the wall thickness of the tubing used (at least the seat tube). If a seller says Columbus tubes forca bike w/o any decal then I would question how they knew what the tubing is. I would still ask for the seat post diameter (hoping the correct one is in place). That at least gets you in the ballpark; e.g. for Columbus Aelle=26.8mm, SP=27.0mm, SL=27.2mm; Reynolds and other makers follow a similar pattern, but of course there are always exceptions.
Note: larger frames tend to use thicker walled tubing so if you are looking for an extra lightweight frame you may only find them made with a slightly heavier tubeset or mixed tubesets than what small to medium frames use in their lightweight models.

Regarding the first bike shown with the Tretubi frame; that asking price is far too high. That is an entry level frame built for a specific price point and would not garner that high of a value unless the groupset/components installed were of a much higher grade (it does happen where high end groups are put on low tier frames by owners, but not on factory bikes. The tubing type does not dictate the quality of construction, but certainly should affect value since it is a less expensive frame regardless of components. The feeling and responsiveness will be affected depending on how hard you intend to push it. I have not ridden an Aelle Tretubi (Aelle main tubes, probably hi-tensile tubes elsewhere) framed bike so I cannot provide feedback on it, but an full Aelle frame itself rides well and is certainly stiff and durable enough. I like my Aelle framed bike better as a climber than an SL frame, and most else being equal (same rims, tyres, pressure, saddle) the two frames ride comfortably enough for hours in the saddle.
 
^Spot on.
With enough experience, you can feel the tube quality, and hear some character in the ring, but this doesn't give you much idea about manufacturer.
The quality of lugwork, frame fittings especially brake bridge and bottom bracket gives a clear idea of build quality, and some implication of the scale of the builder and country of origin.
But unfortunately once the frame decals and tubing badge are lost, it's very difficult to specifically pinpoint framebuilder and tubeset, unless you come across a marque enthusiast with encyclopaedic knowledge of the brand.

You can't really trust the seller, although it's often easy to spot a fake, because the frame will be the wrong quality for what is meant to be.
 
I’ve stuck on 23c & I’m happy with that but then on my rides these days max is 1hr. Will see what it’s like here once I’m set up & drive outside the city then ride, as a few years ago the roads were well paved..for a third world country especially south of the city
road-wise, sounds like a recipe for a gravel bike, with low pressure 32's. nothing better than riding out your front door imo. the roads here in Maine are shyt' at best
 
road-wise, sounds like a recipe for a gravel bike, with low pressure 32's. nothing better than riding out your front door imo. the roads here in Maine are shyt' at best
You’ll never see me ride a gravel or mountain bike…….😁to old to change now……
 
Here are some that have caught my eye, although I can’t quite judge if they meet my requirements below. If anyone wants to weigh in, I’m all ears (eyes, rather).
1980s Cilo, Columbus Aelle https://velomarkt.ch/veloboerse/zue...-bis-chf-2000/cilo-rennvelo-80er-jahre-324982
Motobecane Jubile(e) Sport, Vitus 888 https://www.ricardo.ch/de/a/motobecane-jubile-sport-rennvelo-1288578684/
Miyata 750 SR, Miyata 1024 tubing https://www.ricardo.ch/de/a/rennvelo-miyata-cycle-750-sr-klassiker-1980-180er-leute-1286250542/
Peugeot St Gothard P100S https://www.ricardo.ch/de/a/renn-velo-peugeot-1288845488/
Peugeot P10 SA https://www.ricardo.ch/de/a/retro-rennvelo-peugeot-p10-sa-great-road-bike-1288443370/
LBS house brand, Columbus tre-tubi https://velomarkt.ch/veloboerse/zue...bis-chf-2000/columbus-vintage-rennvelo-319232
Allegro resto-mod (maybe too small?) https://velomarkt.ch/veloboerse/zue...bis-chf-2000/allegro-vintage-klassiker-304871

I’m just shy of 180 cm (5’11”) with an 87 cm PBH, so I’m looking at 57 and 58 cm frames. I don’t want a project bike. I’d love to be able to fit 28 mm tires, no less than 25 mm; I’m willing to forego fenders (either to make room or if the frame doesn’t have mounting points). Ideal set-up would be with not much saddle-to-bar drop so that the drops are in a useable position (I could also see switching to compact drops in place of the old style). This bike would be used for 50-100 km solo day rides.
 
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