130mm might have started mid 80's, but I don't think it really took over until later. My first "proper" bike, a dawes, had I think a 6 speed uniglide cassette, and was probably 126mm. That was about 1989 or 90. When I got my caygill custom made in 91, it was 126mm. I had a set of wheels built at the time with shimano 1055 hubs - the rear was 7 speed, 126mm. 130 only became really necessary with 8 speed, as up to and including 7 would fit in 126mm. So I would think 130 took over and became the "standard" in the early 90's. I think 135 for MTBs started at around the same time - my 1993 KHS was 135mm.
I don't think 8 speed was around in the mid 80's - if it was it was in very very limited quantities.