This isn't a bike as such, it is a technology demonstrator. It could of been a guitar, an umbrella or a hand whisk. The point is it is a familiar object manufactured in a new (to the viewers of BBC breakfast at least) technology.
As a technology demonstrator I cant help but think the section on the beeb this morning did the technology more harm than good. What the feck was that noise comming from it. You dont need to know much about bikes to know that a sound like that is not expected from a bike. Also the design is fairly fugly (some of this will be due to limitations on bed size on the machines.) They would of been better off with a hand whisk!
The machines use will be slightly more advanced than those found in colleges and the like, and for the right components it can be the fastest or even the only way to manufacture them.
Manufacturing in "nylon" is only the thin edge of the possible wedge. I have used similar processes to laser sinter titanium for use in one off medical implants. I had also previously designed an internally honeycombed stem with the intention of getting it made in titanium, however the cost put me off!